言葉・色・人の印象

Two hundred Japanese participants evaluated 10 odors using 25 emotional expressions. We introduce the clusters of feelings revealed by a Japanese odor-emotion scale, which captures more than pleasantness and unpleasantness alone.

A study of 76 people who categorized Mandarin odor terms and actual smells. We explore where groupings of words and sensory experiences overlap, and where they differ.

Part of an odor's name, or a color suggesting its source: a naming task and brain-wave recordings in 40 people examined how these two cues differ.

An analysis of nearly 30,000 Chinese-language perfume reviews examines how people describe materials, scenes, personal images, and preferences when talking about scent.

Would temporary names make scent differences and pairings easier to remember? In a four-day study, 80 Chinese–English bilinguals learned odor categories with meaningless new words, with results that could not be explained by how familiar the names sounded alone.

How can we describe body odor beyond liking or disliking it? We introduce a 25-word list developed from a survey across 17 countries and regions in 13 languages, and its validation using real odor samples.

At a museum, 2,716 people evaluated two compounds involved in sweat odor. Differences in perceived femininity and masculinity were very small, and pleasantness was also associated with the ratings. We explore the relationship between molecules and impressions.

How does the impression of a person formed from the same smell change before and after meeting them? A study uses worn T-shirts containing everyday fragrances and odors, alongside four-minute conversations.

A 2020 study changed when shoppers learned a perfume’s brand name. It explores how evaluations of smelling a fragrance relate to brand familiarity and engagement with the task.

How does presenting the same perfume as a women’s or men’s brand change its impression? An experiment on scent–gender associations and the feel of scented paper explores how far the effects of words extend.