Natural Ingredients Heliotrope
Explore the origin of heliotrope’s name and its botanical background, and discover how its sweet, powdery floral scent is expressed in perfume through representative examples.
Perfume Knowledge
Natural Ingredients 
Synthetic Ingredients Aldehydes
Ingredient GuideThe word aldehyde means alcohol with hydrogen removed (“de”). Aldehydes are compounds containing -CHO; b...
Natural Ingredients Lily of the Valley (Muguet)
Ingredient GuideBasic InformationLily of the valley is called suzuran in Japanese and muguet in French. The French name ...
Guide The Story Behind Hermessence, Hermès’ High-End Perfume Collection
Hermessence is a couture version of an accord. You must smell it on the skin. Hermessence has a special finish that you ...
Extraction Gas Chromatography and Headspace Analysis
The development of fragrance analysis, gas chromatography and headspace techniques, including Roman Kaiser’s work and their use in perfume creation.
Natural Ingredients Blackcurrant (Cassis)
Ingredient GuideFor me, blackcurrant embodies imperfect beauty. Once added, it gives the perfume’s silhouette personalit...
Natural Ingredients Benzoin
Ingredient Guide The two best-known sources of benzoin are Styrax tonkinensis from Siam and Styrax Benzoin from Sumatra;...
101 How to Find a Perfume That Suits You
Perfume is sometimes called an invisible form of style, and it is an important way to express who you are. Even beginner...
Natural Ingredients Musk
Ingredient GuideMusk is the most carnal of all fragrance materials. It has the sensuality of a fine layer of skin and ca...
Natural Ingredients Magnolia
Magnolia is a flower with ancient origins and many varieties. Explore its botanical background and the bright floral scent expressed in perfume.