A. All matter, including our bodies, smells, and physical objects, is made up of collections of molecules. Molecules consist of atoms, and atoms in turn consist of smaller protons, neutrons, and electrons, but these are not actually objects with a definite shape, that is, objects that exist as solid spheres. A more accurate description is that electrons exist probabilistically around the atomic nucleus in a diffuse, cloud-like distribution.
Now, the idea that “rubbing after applying perfume breaks the fragrance molecules” can be considered a misleading image. To begin with, they are not large objects that can be rubbed into pieces. This world is too small to see and therefore difficult to picture, but let me try to explain.
Molecules move, or fly about, because of heat. The lower the temperature, the more slowly molecules move; the more vigorously molecules move, the higher the temperature. In other words, thermal energy turns into kinetic energy, and kinetic energy turns into thermal energy.
In other words, rubbing your arms warms the area, making the molecules move faster. As a result, the molecules of the top notes (in Japanese) dissipate that much faster, and you lose the opportunity to appreciate how the fragrance evolves. Your arms also have sweat, sebum, and resident skin bacteria on them, in addition to perfume, so the resulting mixture may produce an odd smell.
For these reasons, although “breaking the fragrance molecules” is incorrect, it is certain that the scent will be altered for the worse.
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Q. How Do You Apply Perfume? (in Japanese)
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